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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Methylmercury (MeHg) is a bioaccumulating neurotoxin mainly produced by anaerobic microorganisms, with methanogen being one of the important methylators. A critical aspect for understanding the mechanism for microbial mercury (Hg) methylation is the origin of the methyl group. However, the origin of methyl group in methanogen-mediated Hg methylation remains unclear. This study aims to identify the source of methyl group for MeHg synthesis in methanogens. Our study revealed that Hg methylation in\n                    <jats:italic>Methanospirillum hungatei<\/jats:italic>\n                    JF-1 is closely related to methanogenesis process, according to the results of proteomic study and substrate limitation study. Next, we proved that nearly all methyl group in MeHg derives from the Wolfe cycle in this species, rather than the previously demonstrated acetyl-coenzyme A pathway, based on the results of\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C labeling study. We then proposed the Wolfe cycle\u2013dependent Hg methylation mechanism in this species. Further genome analyses and\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C labeling experiments indicated that the involvement of the Wolfe cycle in Hg methylation is probably a universal feature among Hg-methylating methanogens. These findings reveal a unique Hg methylation mechanism in methanogens. Our study broadens the carbon substrates and controlling factors for MeHg synthesis in the environment, which can inform the prediction of MeHg production potential and remediation strategies for MeHg contamination.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2416761121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T12:06:01Z","timestamp":1728475561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The origin of methyl group in methanogen-mediated mercury methylation: From the Wolfe cycle"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1014-3318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China"},{"name":"College of 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