{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:04:18Z","timestamp":1792613058894,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015691","name":"HHS | NIH | NIAID | Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI162749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI162749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23POST1025947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23POST1025947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    bradyzoites reside in tissue cysts that undergo cycles of expansion, rupture, and release to foster chronic infection. The glycosylated cyst wall acts as a protective barrier, although the processes responsible for formation, remodeling, and turnover are not understood. Herein, we identify a noncanonical chitinase-like enzyme TgCLP1 that localizes to micronemes and is targeted to the cyst wall after secretion. Genetic deletion of TgCLP1 resulted in a thickened cyst wall that decreased cyst turnover, blocked the export of virulence effectors into host cells, and resulted in failure to persist during chronic infection. Genetic complementation with a series of mutants revealed that the GH19 glycosidase domain was crucial for regulating glycosylation of several glycoproteins in the cyst wall. Overall, our findings reveal that TgCLP1 is a multifunctional survival factor that modifies glycoproteins within the cyst wall to modulate export of virulence effectors and regulate turnover of tissue cysts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2416870122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T13:39:17Z","timestamp":1738157957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<i>Toxoplasma<\/i>\n                    chitinase-like protein orchestrates cyst wall glycosylation to facilitate effector export and cyst turnover"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3912-5869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadakimi","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine","place":["Bronx"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis M.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine","place":["Bronx"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases), Albert Einstein College of Medicine","place":["Bronx"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9077-965X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Tropical and Global Diseases, University of Georgia","place":["Athens"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7110-0285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. 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