{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T16:50:58Z","timestamp":1793292658999,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The mandible, also known as the lower jaw, is the only bone in the skull that can move and is essential for speaking and chewing. Meckel\u2019s cartilage (MC) is a temporary structure that supports the formation of the mandible, but how MC is involved in the ossification of the mandible is poorly understood. Through the use of single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell spatial transcriptomics analyses, a spatiotemporal atlas of MC in human fetuses from 7 to 15 wk postconception was established, highlighting the role of MC in the ossification of the mandible. Importantly, we revealed that two populations of MC contributed to mandibular ossification through different mechanisms. The anterior MC can differentiate into osteolineage cells, as shown in an in vivo lineage tracing mouse model. The intermediate MC facilitates intramembranous ossification through cell\u2013cell communications, possibly through signaling ligands like\n                    <jats:italic>BMP5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>BMP7<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SEMA3A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>PDGFC<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>FGF7<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This study suggests that MC plays a crucial role in mediating mandibular ossification through distinct mechanisms, providing valuable insights for understanding oral and craniofacial diseases and disorders in the future.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2420466122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T15:32:56Z","timestamp":1742225576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An atlas of early human mandibular endochondral and osteogenic paracrine signaling regions of Meckel\u2019s cartilage"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Zongshan","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8885-3240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, 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Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7003-0884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoshan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Academician Workstation for Oral-Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4258-3457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guozhi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Homeostatic Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5134-731X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian-Kang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Advanced Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Homeostatic Medicine Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Academician Workstation for Oral-Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University","place":["Changsha, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Homeostatic Medicine, School of Medicine and Homeostatic Medicine Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn6919"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05136-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0940-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah3764"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00821"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2018.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12565-010-0093-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"543","volume-title":"Larsen\u2019s Human Embryology","author":"Schoenwolf G. 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Biosse Duplan , Meckel\u2019s and condylar cartilages anomalies in achondroplasia result in defective development and growth of the mandible. Hum. Mol. Genet. 25, 2997\u20133010 (2016).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. 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CNGB Sequence Archive (CNSA) of China National GeneBank DataBase (CNGBdb). https:\/\/db.cngb.org\/search\/?q=CNP0006081. Deposited 12 August 2024."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2420466122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T15:34:37Z","timestamp":1742225677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2420466122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2420466122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2420466122","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2420466122"}}