{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:28:03Z","timestamp":1793298483207,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000836","name":"University of Liverpool","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Liverpool ODA Research Seed Fund","award":["03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Gut nematode worms are important parasites of people and other animals. The parasitic nematode\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infects an estimated 600 million people worldwide and is one of the soil-transmitted helminthiases, a WHO-defined neglected tropical disease. It has long been suggested that human\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection may be a zoonosis from dogs. We investigated this by whole genome sequence analysis of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    from sympatric human and dog populations in Asia. We find that human- and dog-derived\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    have genetically distinct nuclear genomes, but we also find evidence of rare cross-infection. Analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    mitochondrial genome reveals evidence of historical introgression between human- and dog-derived parasites. Based on these data, we suggest that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    was originally a parasite of canids, that began to infect humans when people domesticated dogs, since when human- and dog-derived parasites have differentiated, but have not become separate species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2424630122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T17:45:22Z","timestamp":1752601522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A population genetic analysis of the nematode\n                    <i>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/i>\n                    in Asia shows that human infection is not a zoonosis from dogs"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, The University of Liverpool","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H. M. Raihan","family":"Sarker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong","place":["Chattogram, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8899-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banchob","family":"Sripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Disease Research Center, Khon Kaen University","place":["Khon Kaen, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5662-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sirikachorn","family":"Tangkawattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tropical Disease Research Center, Khon Kaen University","place":["Khon Kaen, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1725-3843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virak","family":"Khieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health","place":["Phnom Penh, Cambodia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Nevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College","place":["London, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Academic Department of Military Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital","place":["Birmingham, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, The University of Liverpool","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4857-1238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Viney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, The University of Liverpool","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000412"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Strongyloides spp","volume":"1","author":"Viney M. E.","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. E. Viney, J. B. Lok, Strongyloides spp. WormBook 1, 1\u201319 (2007), 10.1895\/wormbook.1.141.1.","journal-title":"WormBook"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01138-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012440","article-title":"Genomic analysis of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides fuelleborni in Bangladesh","volume":"18","author":"Ree V.","year":"2024","unstructured":"V. Ree , Genomic analysis of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides fuelleborni in Bangladesh. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 18, e0012440 (2024), 10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012440.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. 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