{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:16:14Z","timestamp":1787318174609,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32225042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32225042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Although it is widely recognized that nutritional symbionts can manipulate host reproduction, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are largely unclear. The facultative symbiont\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hamiltonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    in bacteriocyte induces female-biased sex ratio of whiteflies. Here, we demonstrate that a maternal gene\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tudor<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tud<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and its encoded protein have lower expression levels in ovaries of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hamiltonella-<\/jats:italic>\n                    cured whiteflies. Tud family proteins can interlink the various stages of biosynthesis of PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), a class of small noncoding RNAs. We find that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hamiltonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    affects the abundance of a piRNA through the maternal gene\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tud<\/jats:italic>\n                    , thereby regulating the expression of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">vacuolar<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H+<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">-ATPase H subunit<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">VATPH<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), which is the switch of activity of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPase that plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of intracellular energy and supporting mitochondrial respiration. This regulation adjusts the ATP level in ovaries of whiteflies. The ATP level shapes the F-actin pattern in ovaries and eggs of whiteflies, ultimately manipulating whitefly fertilization. Silencing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tud<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibited whitefly fertilization by impairing ATP levels and F-actin patterns in ovaries and eggs. This study reveals that symbiont and maternal protein associations can regulate host fertilization by piRNA biosynthesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2427053122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T10:49:07Z","timestamp":1749725347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<i>Hamiltonella<\/i>\n                    symbionts benefit whitefly fertilization by regulating the maternal protein Tudor\u2013mediated piRNA pathway"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5754-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"Shenyang Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for 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