{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:03:35Z","timestamp":1793261015413,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High expression alleles of the innate cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), are associated with the development or the severity of autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. Numerous studies support MIF\u2019s role in activating inflammatory pathways and MIF inhibition reduces joint pathology in different experimental models of arthritis. We examined the impact of gene deletion of MIF or its cognate receptor CD74 in the T cell\u2013dependent model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and observed the complete absence of arthritis development, suggesting an unforeseen role for MIF\/CD74 signaling in the development of arthritogenic T cells. While MIF has been shown in model systems to contribute to T cell activation by augmenting innate responses, fewer than 1% of T lineage cells express CD74 in naive spleens and lymph nodes, and its functional consequences in pathogenic T cell subpopulations have not been studied. We found CD74+ T cells to expand during CIA and to increase in number within joint synovium, where they express an effector memory phenotype and recapitulate CIA development upon transfer into naive mice. We further found evidence for the presence of CD74+ T cells in the circulation and joint synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. MIF-dependent, CD74+ T cells may contribute to the chronicity of rheumatoid synovitis and to disease relapse in previously inflamed joints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2509156123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T19:03:48Z","timestamp":1767899028000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pathogenic role of MIF receptor (CD74) expressing T cells in inflammatory arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0642-8237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Doherty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7131-390X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lais","family":"Osmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1432-0596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Bilsborrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System","place":["West Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennefer","family":"Par-Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2714-1754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanna","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","place":["Daejeon, Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pathricia","family":"Tilstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2516-9251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Piecychna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0605-358X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8224-8496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan-Uk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea","place":["Seoul, Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Insoo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5783-5736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Bucala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine","place":["New Haven"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"1059","volume-title":"Kelly\u2019s Textbook of Rheumatology","author":"Firestein G.","year":"2012","unstructured":"G. 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