{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:29:36Z","timestamp":1782793776168,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"48","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"MOST | National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2022YFA1205300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2022YFA1205300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Basic Research Projects","award":["No. JCYJ20241202123916023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20241202123916023"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Council | Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZDSYS20230626091100001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS20230626091100001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Magnons carrying intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM) hold great potential for orbitronics, optics, and communications, but the generation of such magnons poses great challenges. In this work, we propose that magnons with intrinsic OAM can be induced by antiferromagnetic (AFM) skyrmions with multiple topological charges (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). The proposal is demonstrated in a tetragonal lattice frustrated AFM film, where magnetic anisotropy governs the formation of multiple-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    skyrmions. Out-of-plane polarized current induces ultrafast skyrmion helicity oscillation, which enables excitation of multipolar spin waves, with OAM quantum number identical to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and thus OAM, can be modulated by tuning magnetic anisotropy and temperature. In addition, we reveal an unexpected AFM skyrmion Hall effect driven by in-plane polarized current, and a nonlinear correction term in skyrmion dynamics induced by spin\u2013orbit torque fluctuation. Our results reveal unique behaviors of AFM multiple-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                    skyrmions and could extend their applications in information encoding and transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2513454122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T20:13:16Z","timestamp":1764015196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Skyrmions with multiple topological charges as orbital angular momentum encoders"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8682-9706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhua","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3987-6865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information","place":["Beijing, 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Guan X. Zou W. Duan Skyrmions with multiple topological charges as orbital angular momentum encoders. Zenodo. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/10.5281\/zenodo.16926725. 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