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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Over time, carbon sequestered in temperate forests has increased, but the relative effects of passive and active drivers remain unclear. This study uses plot-level data to disentangle the contributions of six drivers (temperature, precipitation, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , management, age composition, and area) to these increases in 14 forest groups of the conterminous United States. From 2005 to 2022, the passive drivers (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , temperature, and precipitation) increased live tree carbon (C) by 66 teragrams (Tg) C y\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    with CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fertilization contributing most of the change. Among the anthropogenic drivers, declining forest area reduced live tree C by 31 Tg C y\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    while tree planting increased it by 23 Tg C y\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Changes in age composition, driven by both passive traits and anthropogenic choices, increased live tree C by 89 Tg C y\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . By quantifying the share of removals attributable to passive uptake, this approach enables nations with national forest inventories to better utilize their forests to meet net-zero requirements.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2513588123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T18:59:25Z","timestamp":1768935565000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How much of the forest sink is passive? 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