{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:50:14Z","timestamp":1781106614293,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"HHS | NIH | National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY-012135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY-012135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS-123435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS-123435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interareal communication is crucial for coordinated brain function. Given the largely contralateral organization of the brain, bimanual coordination likely depends on interactions across the two cerebral hemispheres for motor planning and execution. The parietal reach region (PRR) is an early node in the sensorimotor transformation stream. Here, we examined the contributions of direct callosal connections between left and right PRR to bimanual coordination. Using manganese-enhanced MRI, we traced callosal pathways crossing the midline and found that PRR\u2013PRR connections are restricted to the splenium. We then temporarily blocked these fibers with lidocaine while measuring behavioral performance and interhemispheric coherence. Blockade selectively reduced PRR\u2013PRR coherence during bimanual movements to a common target, but not during movements to separate targets. Behaviorally, blockade sped movement initiation across tasks, consistent with a functionally inhibitory influence of interhemispheric communication, reduced the temporal synchrony of bimanual movements to a common target, and reduced errors for bimanual movements to separate targets. These findings provide causal evidence that posterior callosal communication supports the temporal precision of spatially coordinated bimanual actions, while potentially constraining independent limb control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2516541123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:37:36Z","timestamp":1777484256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A causal role for the posterior corpus callosum in bimanual coordination"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3724-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Uk","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3776-0199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence H.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5998-8445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Mooshagian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis"]},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Science, University of California","place":["San Diego"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135409"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112924"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00192-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2015.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.15.030192.001123"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","volume-title":"The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning","author":"Shadmehr R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"R. Shadmehr, S. P. Wise, The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning (MIT Press, 2004)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-001-0913-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2003.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02229-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0730-20.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.46159"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0232-21.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.02-11-01527.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00607.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00531.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/26220"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00336922"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08990229870709"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340409"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00379.2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/386167a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx052"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0097-14.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2081-09.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00058.2013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3719-13.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1068-15.2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2016.00101"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22701-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6918(02)00032-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0046-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-002-1253-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00688.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0026-17.2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.7.1293"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-005-6252-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050884"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn822"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00379.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00220"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2021.102186"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2003.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00234.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718267115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00718-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.10.4470"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5947-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607443103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.29086"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74833-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bs.3830290203"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90634-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2320-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(71)90153-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/5233.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(68)90036-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00247936"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(77)90028-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1707050114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14933"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.2.PEDS17549"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2013.0167"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebr.2022.100525"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0573-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1109144108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(72)90018-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.12.2501"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/627816"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2015.00075"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.2.429"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.144824"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.166926"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.4.816"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Topographic maps of human motor cortex in normal and pathological conditions: Mirror movements, amputations and spinal cord injuries","volume":"43","author":"Cohen L. G.","year":"1991","unstructured":"L. G. Cohen , Topographic maps of human motor cortex in normal and pathological conditions: Mirror movements, amputations and spinal cord injuries. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. Suppl. 43, 36\u201350 (1991).","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2012.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-010-9130-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235551"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(69)90309-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_2","unstructured":"J. U. Kang \u201cInter-areal communication in posterior parietal cortex supporting eye-hand and bimanual coordination \u201d Arts & Sciences Theses and Dissertations Washington University St. Louis MO (2023) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7936\/mb63-cb31."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_2","volume-title":"Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination May be Subserved by Connections between PRR and LIP. Neuroscience Meeting Planner","author":"Kang J.","year":"2023","unstructured":"J. Kang, E. Mooshagian, L. H. Snyder, Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination May be Subserved by Connections between PRR and LIP. Neuroscience Meeting Planner (Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1949-19.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52658"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1650"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2496"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1220508110"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1982.47.6.1084"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(97)02229-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa5eea"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511622762"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. U. Kang Data and code for Kang Snyder Mooshagian (2026) A causal role for the posterior corpus callosum in bimanual coordination. Zenodo. https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/19341112. Deposited 30 March 2026.","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.07.02.662886"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2516541123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:38:29Z","timestamp":1777484309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2516541123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2516541123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2516541123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2516541123"}}