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We further found that striosome and matrix CINs differed in their expression levels of phospho-S6 ribosomal protein-Ser240\/244 and choline acetyltransferase, suggesting functional differences, and clustered CINs differed from unclustered CINs in their intrinsic membrane properties. Finally, CINs expressing Lhx6, which defines a distinct \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA) coreleasing population, were notably absent from regions where highly clustered striosomal CINs appeared. Collectively, our findings uncover important dimensions of CIN organization, suggesting that modulation of regional and compartmental striatal output may depend upon the spatial\u2013functional heterogeneity of CINs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2519939123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T17:39:09Z","timestamp":1767375549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Striatal cholinergic interneurons exhibit compartment-specific anatomical and functional organization in the mouse"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-027X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary B.","family":"Hobel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine","place":["Stony 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