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Instead of directly enhancing the Smad1\/5\/8 signaling pathway, SCS mitigates the intrinsic chronic inflammatory process of bone deterioration, preventing inflammatory factors from disrupting cartilage-to-bone transformation. In an osteonecrosis model, the synergistic effect of SCS and BMP-2 sustainably improved the femoral head\u2019s internal circulation system, rather than merely delaying disease progression. Therefore, this bioactive polysaccharide combined with an osteogenic factor enables arterialized vascularization during endochondral ossification, representing a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemia-associated bone homeostasis disruption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2520755123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T19:04:11Z","timestamp":1776107051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sulfated polysaccharide reprograms arterialized angiogenesis of endochondral ossification to rescue defective osteonecrosis therapy"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunshu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changsheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abg8335"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical case of preiser disease, bilateral femoral head and humeral head osteonecrosis associated with chronic corticosteroid therapy","volume":"2","author":"Cunha R.","year":"2021","unstructured":"R. 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