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In this study, we focus on the combination of mild calorie restriction (CR) and voluntary exercise as coadjuvants to chemotherapy in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer using the 4T1 mouse model. In this model, voluntary exercise did not add benefits beyond chemotherapy plus CR in terms of primary tumor size, body composition, or physical performance, while dampening the antimetastatic effect of CR in the lungs of sedentary mice. These findings highlight the challenges of translating results from one preclinical model to another, and ultimately to humans. Diet and exercise type and chemotherapeutic agent influence the outcomes of each type of cancer. More research is needed to determine if and when exercise should be recommended to particular cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2524488123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:59:57Z","timestamp":1777399197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The antimetastatic effects of calorie restriction are negated by voluntary exercise in an aggressive breast cancer mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3140-3251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of 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