{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:02:25Z","timestamp":1785420145915,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC 1310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC 1310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Collective antibiotic resistance occurs when populations of bacteria survive antibiotic treatments that are lethal to individual bacteria, which affects the efficacy of drug therapies. An important mechanism of collective resistance against widely used\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -lactams is the production of drug-degrading\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -lactamases. Here, we integrate experiments with mathematical modeling to understand the collective survival of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    challenged with cefotaxime (CTX). At near-lethal CTX concentrations, we observe complex dynamics, involving initial biomass growth due to filamentation, followed by death, and subsequently growth recovery. We show that production of AmpC, a chromosomal\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -lactamase, is responsible for CTX degradation, allowing the resumption of cell division in surviving filaments. The detoxification of the environment proceeds through CTX hydrolysis by AmpC in the periplasm of intact cells, as well as extracellularly after cell lysis. Our model predicts the recovery time from molecular parameters, and quantifies the relative roles of periplasmic and extracellular degradation for two strains of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    that differ in the degree of privatization of AmpC hydrolysis. Our findings suggest that\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -lactam survival of bacterial infections depends on a combination of intra- and extracellular\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -lactamase activity, which will likely vary among isolates.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2526410123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:19:51Z","timestamp":1784132391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contributions of intra- and extracellular antibiotic degradation to collective \u03b2-lactam survival"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1888-046X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rotem","family":"Gross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rcxh774","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, Germany"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/048a87296","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0352-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhittin","family":"Mungan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rcxh774","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, Germany"]},{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik II - Soft Matter, Department of Physics, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t","place":["D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8583-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suman G.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02k7v4d05","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Bern","place":["Bern, Switzerland"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/002n09z45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5430-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melih","family":"Y\u00fcksel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rcxh774","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6971-9927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berenike","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rcxh774","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4398-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Bollenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rcxh774","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Cologne","place":["Cologne, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5098-6686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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