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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Urinary catheterization, a frequent procedure in hospitals, nursing homes, and other healthcare facilities, is a primary driver of nosocomial infections. The most common of these are catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which often progress to severe complication, sepsis, and ultimately death. The fungus\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a primary causative agent of CAUTIs; yet, its tissue-specific pathogenesis remains poorly understood, which complicates development of efficient treatments. While Efg1 is a known virulence driver in CAUTI, its specific downstream targets within the unique bladder environment have not been defined. Here, we identify and validate the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">EFG1<\/jats:italic>\n                    regulon that is active during conditions that mimic the human catheterized bladder and, additionally, confirm the regulon by transcriptional profiling of catheters retrieved from patients with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. We found that this urine-specific signature is highly conserved in clinical samples, with Efg1-dependent genes being among the most robustly induced transcripts during active human infection. Furthermore, we characterized two of these key factors,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ECE1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">EED1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , validating their roles in infection both in vitro in human urine and in vivo using a CAUTI mouse model. Elucidating this tissue-specific regulon offers a strategic roadmap for the development of targeted therapies to mitigate these ever-increasing life-threatening fungal infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2533309123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T19:15:07Z","timestamp":1784574907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The unique Efg1 fungal virulence regulon in the catheterized bladder environment"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7396-9670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa Ann","family":"La Bella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mkhxb43","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame","place":["Notre Dame"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9971-0031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas C.","family":"Gervais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01r7awg59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph","place":["Guelph, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt N.","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mkhxb43","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame","place":["Notre Dame"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5327-3801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hope","family":"Akegbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mkhxb43","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame","place":["Notre Dame"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe L. P.","family":"Obernuefemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Gager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mkhxb43","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame","place":["Notre Dame"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5758-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine May May","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mkhxb43","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame","place":["Notre Dame"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando 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A web tool tailored to design CRISPR guide RNAs for eukaryotic pathogens","volume":"1","author":"Peng D.","year":"2015","unstructured":"D. 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