{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:53:55Z","timestamp":1792785235487,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["No. U24A20423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. U24A20423"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province, China","award":["No. LZ24C160004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. LZ24C160004"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality improvement","award":["2024E10111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024E10111"]}]},{"name":"The Talent Program of the Zhejiang University","award":["0022112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0022112"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Limited selenium (Se) accumulation in agricultural products contributes to widespread dietary Se deficiency, posing a global nutritional threat. Efficient agronomic strategies to enhance Se biofortification in crops are still lacking. Here, we reveal the synergistic effects of shading and Se nanoparticles application on Se biofortification in tea leaves. Field experiments demonstrate that shading enhances Se accumulation in tea leaves under sufficient Se supply, through activating Se metabolism pathway. We identify CsAPR1 functions at the early stage of Se assimilation, catalyzing the reduction of Se (VI). The transcription of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CsAPR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    is activated by CsMYB7-like and is further promoted by shading through interaction with CsbHLH70. Under sunlight, CsHY5 competes with CsbHLH70 for binding to CsMYB7-like, thereby attenuating CsMYB7-like-mediated transcription of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CsAPR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and suppressing Se accumulation in tea plants. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying shade-induced enhancement of Se biofortification, offering insights and strategies for Se-enriched crop production.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2535927123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:36:36Z","timestamp":1791999396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shading enhances Se accumulation in tea leaves through promoting CsMYB7-like-mediated conversion of Se (VI) to Se (IV)"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6704-1443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhui","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8152-1868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiting","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7867-9449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2895-2786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62986-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611576114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104356"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.07.147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5717"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.112460"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Effect of sodium selenite application in soil on selenium content in oolong tea","volume":"58","author":"Jiang F.","year":"2017","unstructured":"F. Jiang, Z. Wu, W. Zhang, G. Li, Effect of sodium selenite application in soil on selenium content in oolong tea. Acta Tea Sinica 58, 13\u201316 (2017).","journal-title":"Acta Tea Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-015-0535-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2101093"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.113618"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c03739"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.15404"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.70491"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhaf236"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.117400"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14378"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2020.104170"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2019.1598240"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124178"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197506"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.848349"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2023.2194419"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mtomcs\/mfab040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2023.140991"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2009.04118.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2011.04656.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-022-01223-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.102.010280"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-005-9006-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erm031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-016-1203-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69305-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2023.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koab302"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.677611"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00256"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2021.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0225"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2024.113633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.5758"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95012-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20110025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c04032"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.00597"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10071277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.344791"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi010518v"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.107.113175"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4450-9_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01404"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2002.01391.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2014.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002770"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xplc.2020.100030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2009.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.800989"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124690"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","unstructured":"W. X. Li BioProject \u201cRNA-seq data of the leaves of tea plant \u2018Longjing 43\u2019 under shading and\/or foliar SeNPs treatments and \u2018Yabukita\u2019 under shading treatment.\u201d GSA. https:\/\/ngdc.cncb.ac.cn\/bioproject\/browse\/PRJCA030257. Deposited 18 September 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","unstructured":"W. X. Li BioProject \u201cRNA-seq data of the leaves of tea plant \u2018Longjing 43\u2019 under 25 \u00b0C and 35 \u00b0C treatments.\u201d GSA. https:\/\/ngdc.cncb.ac.cn\/bioproject\/browse\/PRJCA045073. Deposited 21 August 2025."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2535927123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:36:43Z","timestamp":1791999403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2535927123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2535927123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2535927123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2535927123"}}