{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T19:39:15Z","timestamp":1786390755174,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"34","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The growing interest in studying\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains from previously unexplored niches is greatly expanding our understanding of this yeast\u2019s ecology and evolution. While strains involved in alcoholic fermentation are the most studied,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    has also been isolated from milk fermentations and their products, suggesting a potential evolutionary specialization for dairy environments. These fermentations are characterized by the predominant presence of lactose, a carbon source that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    cannot metabolize directly but can exploit through the enzymatic activity of co-occurring microorganisms that convert lactose into fermentable substrates, such as glucose and galactose. In this study, we analyzed\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains isolated from an unexplored and remote niche: traditional goat fermented milk produced by the Yaghnob people, an ethnically and geographically partly isolated population living in the Upper Zarafshan area of the Republic of Tajikistan. Comparative analyses with published\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    genomes positioned the Yaghnob strains at the base of the phylogenetic dairy clade. These strains revealed distinctive coding sequences and strain-specific single-nucleotide variants present in all Yaghnob strains but absent from the other 1,053 strains analyzed. Further investigation of variants in key genes involved in galactose metabolism provided insights into the genomic and protein-level evolution of Yaghnob strains, uncovering unique genomic signatures of adaptation to the dairy environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2537942123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T19:09:36Z","timestamp":1786388976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic signatures of dairy adaptation in\n                    <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/i>\n                    from traditional Yaghnob goat-cheese fermentation"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Bambi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/048tbm396","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of 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Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Ramazzotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jr1s763","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence","place":["Florence, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5629-9174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Stefanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/048tbm396","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin","place":["Turin, 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