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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are among the most conserved and abundant innate-like T cells in humans that recognize microbial-derived riboflavin precursors and elicit potent antimicrobial responses. The foodborne pathogen\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                      monocytogenes\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    is a broad host-range facultative intracellular pathogen that lacks the riboflavin biosynthetic pathway, leading us to hypothesize that this deficiency is pathoadaptive and allows the pathogen to evade MAIT cells. Here, we show that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    strains engineered to produce riboflavin (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ribDEAHT<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) are attenuated in wild-type mice but fully virulent in MAIT cell\u2013deficient mice. Infection with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ribDEAHT<\/jats:italic>\n                    prompted rapid and robust MAIT cell expansion in multiple tissues and required the cytolytic effector perforin to eliminate infected cells in vivo and in vitro. We also assessed the therapeutic potential of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ribDEAHT-<\/jats:italic>\n                    stimulated MAIT cells in both infectious disease and cancer mouse models. Therapeutic administration of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ribDEAHT<\/jats:italic>\n                    provided protection against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Francisella tularensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the lungs and inhibited tumor growth even in the absence of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. These findings reveal the importance of MAIT cell evasion during\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and highlight the therapeutic potential of engineered\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    to activate and harness MAIT cells for protection against infectious disease and cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2601925123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T19:08:11Z","timestamp":1780945691000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Avoidance of MAIT cells is an essential determinant of\n                    <i>Listeria<\/i>\n   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