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Moreover, network-level representations were associated with local activation-based representations and mediated their relationship with recognition accuracy. Nevertheless, the two representational forms exhibited distinct spatial topographies, contributed independently to recognition, and were anchored in different neurobiological architectures. Together, these findings uncover a previously unrecognized network-level representational mechanism that supports recognition memory, refining current models of distributed information coding in the human brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2603685123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:41Z","timestamp":1787762021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large-scale brain network reinstatement supports recognition memory"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8626-5741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jintao","family":"Sheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f54p054","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University","place":["Stanford"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f54p054","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine","place":["Stanford"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f54p054","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University","place":["Stanford"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3657-7974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junle","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangli","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3201-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education","place":["Guangzhou 510631, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou 510631, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou 510631, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kq0pv72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education","place":["Guangzhou 510631, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100344"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. 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