{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:08:55Z","timestamp":1787242135728,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-RS-2023-00272363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-RS-2023-00272363"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022R1A4A1034315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1A4A1034315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022M3H4A1A02074314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022M3H4A1A02074314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Colloidal photonic glasses are attractive as dye-free, solution-processable pigments that show weak angle dependence, but their red hues are notoriously washed out, because single-particle Rayleigh\/Mie scattering produces a strong blue background (form factor). Here, we report metallodielectric photonic glass paints that deliver hyperchromatic structural colors, including vivid angle-independent red. We disperse monodisperse Au@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    core\u2013shell colloids at 34 vol% in a photocurable, refractive-index-matched ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate resin. The Au core introduces selective absorption below ~500 nm wavelength, suppressing form factor scattering that would otherwise leak blue light, while index matching sharpens the structure factor-driven reflection by reducing diffuse multiple scattering. A modified Monte Carlo multiple-scattering model predicts spectral narrowing only when both effects are combined. Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek calculations and Langevin molecular-dynamics simulations reveal that Au-enhanced van der Waals attraction favors reaction-limited crystallization; adding NaCl reduces the Debye length and switches assembly to diffusion-limited aggregation, yielding amorphous short-range order. After ultraviolet (UV) curing into ~100 \u00b5m-thick films, the resulting photonic glasses exhibit bright, angle-independent structural colors across the visible range through particle-size tuning. In particular, 230 nm Au@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    colloidal glasses show a reflectance band confined to 600 to 800 nm wavelengths, producing a saturated red with minimal blue leakage. Because the precursor is a stable liquid resin, the photonic glasses can be freehand-painted to create large-area coatings and fine graphics with high brightness even under sunlight. This work establishes design rules for completing the structural color palette in photonic glasses and provides a practical route to structural color paints.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2608405123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:47:15Z","timestamp":1779904035000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Metallodielectric photonic glass paints enable hyperchromatic, angle-independent structural color across the full visible spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Yuwon","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaewon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YongDeok","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minyoung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9915-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyeongsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soyul","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6659-3457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seungwoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KU-KIST) Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Korea University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01941"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35051168"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/426786a"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200903693"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32060-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26119-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200900827"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SM01468A"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.90.062302"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.014430"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2010486117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201900442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2015551118"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501936"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.6.4370"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0079-6816(93)90013-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j150453a001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.110.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1699834"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202312748"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.commatsci.2019.109363"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/df9511100055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(68)90272-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl025598i"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2024.102068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202510833"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2608405123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:48:05Z","timestamp":1779904085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2608405123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2608405123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2608405123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2608405123"}}