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The association of diagnostic human fossils with these archaeological remains demonstrates that the shift from Neanderthals to modern humans occurred within a cultural continuum. Our findings suggest shared behaviors between Neanderthals and modern humans that extended beyond subsistence to include nonutilitarian behaviors within the specific geographic and temporal context studied here.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2609061123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T19:10:02Z","timestamp":1783365002000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-term cultural continuity across the Neanderthal\u2013modern human sequence at \u00dc\u00e7a\u011f\u0131zl\u0131 II Cave, northern Levant"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3778-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130smail","family":"Baykara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/020vvc407","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Archaeology, Gaziantep 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