{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T09:03:12Z","timestamp":1790067792928,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"30","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STO 1255\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STO 1255\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007306","name":"Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024848","name":"unikonstanz | Zukunftskolleg, Universit\u00e4t Konstanz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009052","name":"Hector Fellow Academy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009052","name":"Hector Fellow Academy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lateralization of behavior, including motor control and sensory processing, is widespread across bilaterians. In visually guided tasks it often manifests as an axis aligning eye, appendage, and a target within a shared reference frame, such as eye-hand coordination in humans or eye-beak coordination in birds. While studied intensively in a few vertebrate systems, whether similar control principles apply to invertebrates, and more generally, how sensory and motor lateralization are linked mechanistically, remains unclear. Using the proboscis inspection behavior of hummingbird hawkmoth\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Macroglossum stellatarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a model for visual appendage guidance, our study provides evidence for lateralized visuo-motor control in an invertebrate. Combining high-speed videography and markerless pose estimation, we establish the underlying control axis between the hawkmoths\u2019 unpaired appendage and its eye. We demonstrate that individuals displayed stable, idiosyncratic proboscis lateralization, which was tightly linked to their instantaneous viewing angle of visual targets, thus forming a persistent eye\u2013proboscis\u2013target axis. This axis also had functional consequences for feature-targeting. Assessing the sensory\u2013motor plasticity using monocular occlusion, we found that moths preserved their lateralized visuo-motor geometry by adjusting body posture during flower inspection. Our findings suggest convergent control principles with vertebrate models of lateralized visual appendage guidance, while highlighting stark differences in sensory\u2013motor plasticity, thus adding to our general understanding of how lateralization shapes control strategies across nervous systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2609365123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:00:45Z","timestamp":1784656845000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Conservation of a lateralized visuomotor axis in hawkmoth proboscis probing"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-474X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lochlan","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0546hnb39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, University of Konstanz","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]},{"name":"International Max Planck Research School for Quantitative Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f6ren Magnus","family":"Kannegieser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00fbnyb24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biozentrum am Hubland, University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0833-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Lisa","family":"St\u00f6ckl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0546hnb39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, University of Konstanz","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0546hnb39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","volume-title":"Neuromethods","author":"Rogers L. J.","year":"2025","unstructured":"L. J. Rogers, G. Vallortigara, \u201cLateralized brain functions: Methods in human and non-human species\u201d in Neuromethods, L. J. Rogers, G. Vallortigara, Eds. (Springer, 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","article-title":"Laterality in vertebrates and invertebrates: Linked or different?","volume":"1","author":"Rogers L. J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. J. Rogers, Laterality in vertebrates and invertebrates: Linked or different? In&Vertebrates 1, KVKL8087 (2022).","journal-title":"In&Vertebrates"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00233"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12050690"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2675307"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","volume-title":"The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning","author":"Shadmehr R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"R. Shadmehr, S. P. Wise, The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.83.5.880"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713754206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.2017.1363693"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(01)00079-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(95)00037-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(98)00033-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.10.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","volume-title":"The Co-Ordination and Regulation of Movements","author":"Bernstein N.","year":"1967","unstructured":"N. Bernstein, The Co-Ordination and Regulation of Movements (Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 1967)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(02)00569-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00152-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Where the eye looks, the hand follows: Limb-dependent magnetic misreaching in optic ataxia","volume":"15","author":"Jackson S. R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"S. R. Jackson, R. Newport, D. Mort, M. Husain, Where the eye looks, the hand follows: Limb-dependent magnetic misreaching in optic ataxia. Curr. Biol. 15, 42\u201346 (2005).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00117.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.160796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/81469"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2019.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.117.4.371"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2021.1999253"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2010.1121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(98)00043-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02701"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2302(199805)32:4<327::AID-DEV7>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00496-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2012.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(79)90320-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03327910"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00939"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2021.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00605454"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-002-0383-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.10.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.0918"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2018.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2306937121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icae123"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.045831"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arr078"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034629"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","first-page":"399","article-title":"Fuelling on the wing: Sensory ecology of hawkmoth foraging","volume":"205","author":"St\u00f6ckl A. L.","year":"2019","unstructured":"A. L. St\u00f6ckl, A. Kelber, Fuelling on the wing: Sensory ecology of hawkmoth foraging. J. Comp. Physiol. A 205, 399\u2013413 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.20259"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.03.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0547"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2018.0877"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2020.1826503"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-51141-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","first-page":"944","article-title":"Landmarks and ant search strategies after interrupted tandem runs","volume":"217","author":"Basari N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"N. Basari , Landmarks and ant search strategies after interrupted tandem runs. J. Exp. Biol. 217, 944\u2013954 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184343"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12941-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","article-title":"Encoding lateralization of jump kinematics and eye use in a locust via bio-robotic artifacts","volume":"222","author":"Romano D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"D. Romano, G. Benelli, C. Stefanini, Encoding lateralization of jump kinematics and eye use in a locust via bio-robotic artifacts. J. Exp. Biol. 222, jeb187427 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.239442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2025.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1309"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.09.063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713754277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080422-111929"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2016.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/81453"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw7182"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500804112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(79)90087-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02557586"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2004.0200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21931-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.95549.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.14262"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378462"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10682-017-9916-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-014-1188-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2102157118"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.109.1.76"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70923-7"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2609365123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:00:55Z","timestamp":1784656855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2609365123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"30","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2609365123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2609365123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2609365123"}}