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Focusing on a suite of highly expressed ion channels in visual motion-sensitive neurons, we report their subcellular localizations and their steady-state activation and inactivation curves. Integrating these structural and functional data into a biophysically constrained model reproduces the directional tuning of motion-sensitive T5 neurons and reveals the function of voltage-gated sodium channels in nonspiking neurons.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2610600123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:18:26Z","timestamp":1790698706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distribution and voltage dependence of ion channels shape single-neuron computations"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9e M.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03g267s60","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence","place":["Martinsried, 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