{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:22:05Z","timestamp":1787678525341,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32470227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32470227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32221001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32221001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Alliance of National and International Science Organizations for the Belt and Road Regions","award":["2021ANSOP175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ANSOP175"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnological and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BB\/P020747\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/P020747\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnological and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BB\/Y004701\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/Y004701\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>How organs partition themselves into discrete domains with distinct functions is a fundamental question in biology. The gynoecium of flowering plants provides an excellent system to address this question. Here, we show that the boundary between the stigma and style at the gynoecium apex is established by the complementary distribution of the phytohormone auxin and the Auxin Response Factor (ARF), ETTIN (ETT). Mechanistically, auxin induces ETT protein destabilization via the ubiquitin\u2013proteasome pathway. A short sequence motif within an intrinsically disordered region is required for this auxin-triggered degradation. Disruption of this motif leads to ectopic ETT accumulation at the gynoecium apex and consequently abolishes stigma-style boundary development. We further demonstrate that this previously unrecognized mode of auxin-induced ARF instability is evolutionarily conserved among ETT orthologs across angiosperms. In summary, this study reveals how graded auxin distribution affects ARF transcription factor activity, contributing to the establishment of the stigma-style boundary, ensuring correct gynoecium formation and reproductive success in flowering plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2612105123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:36:09Z","timestamp":1787675769000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Auxin-induced ARF transcription factor degradation defines tissue boundaries"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3393-2675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeonghwan","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-3519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5840-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Ning","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03cve4549","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2306-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan-Dan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02aee5m12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3225-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4440-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1890-3756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong-Sen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6318-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Cheng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8129-5039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7160-966X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongqiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6973-7877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Limin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7951-0350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao-Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7065-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-9653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bao-Qing","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05td3s095","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2550-0170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7264-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2912-1263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05ckt8b96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural","place":["Shenzhen, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0313jb750","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3294-9248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University","place":["Kaifeng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0034-0510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02aee5m12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1161-9186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03cve4549","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8497-7657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"\u00d8stergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052gg0110","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, University of Oxford","place":["Oxford, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2117-538X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02yfsfh77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"China National Botanical Garden","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qbk4x57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.17.1.189"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2902"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00497-025-00522-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81991-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.7.1805"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2015.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ert099"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.18.3877"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02085"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01252-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a039917"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.51787"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.285361.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.204263"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.158105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10791"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3279"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.17.00389"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.067918"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-102108-134148"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.03.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.61.070192.003553"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.09.080"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. C. H. Ang S. Mutte D. Weijers L. \u00d8stergaard ETTIN-mediated auxin signalling is an angiosperm-specific neofunctionalization for carpel development. bioRxiv [Preprint] (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.09.02.610784.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.09.02.610784"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-025-01975-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-025-01973-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2468"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10239"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae238"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31634-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2203"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-11-52"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mss220"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2007.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03543"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03542"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2511012122"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh253"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M700564-MCP200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2022.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr400525m"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2022.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90183-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90182-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/324537a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/379746a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/379694a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2022.101197"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.55832"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj8754"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.22.4673"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","unstructured":"J. Ahn Y. Dong \u201cAuxin-induced transcription factor degradation defines tissue boundaries\u201d. ProteomeXchange. https:\/\/proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org\/cgi\/GetDataset?ID=PXD082434. Deposited 17 June 2026."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2612105123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:36:15Z","timestamp":1787675775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2612105123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"35","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2612105123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2612105123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2612105123"}}