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In particular, tropical forest loss typically coincided with increased fragmentation, jointly contributing to amplified warming. Our findings highlight that forest fragmentation should be considered alongside FC when assessing the climate benefits of global forests, and that optimizing landscape configurations could enhance the effectiveness of forestry policies in achieving climate goals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2615021123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:02:56Z","timestamp":1790622176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fragmentation outweighs forest cover in shaping land surface temperature across half of global forests"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2176-3861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiawei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze 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