{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:52:29Z","timestamp":1781106749490,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Membrane vesicles from\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    can oxidize D-lactate and other substrates and couple respiration to the active transport of sugars and amino acids. The present experiments bear on the nature of the link between respiration and transport.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Respiring vesicles were found to accumulate dibenzyldimethylammonium ion, a synthetic lipid-soluble cation that serves as an indicator of an electrical potential. The results suggest that oxidation of D-lactate generates a membrane potential, vesicle interior negative, of the order of -100 mV. In vesicles lacking substrate, an electrical potential was created by induction of electrogenic efflux of K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    with the aid of the K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ionophores, valinomycin and monactin. These conditions induced transient accumulation by the vesicles of [\n                    <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]proline and other metabolites. Experiments with inhibitors and ionophores indicate that neither ATP nor the respiratory chain is involved; the electrical potential generated by K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    efflux is coupled directly to the transport systems. The results verify two predictions derived from Mitchell's chemiosmotic hypothesis: respiring vesicles generate an electrical potential of the proper polarity and magnitude; and a membrane potential is in itself sufficient to drive the active transport of amino acids and other metabolites.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.6.1804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T02:46:10Z","timestamp":1149043570000},"page":"1804-1808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Role of an Electrical Potential in the Coupling of Metabolic Energy to Active Transport by Membrane Vesicles of\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Hajime","family":"Hirata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, National Jewish Hospital and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlheinz","family":"Altendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, National Jewish Hospital and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin M.","family":"Harold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, National Jewish Hospital and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.70.6.1804","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T10:47:24Z","timestamp":1649846844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.70.6.1804"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.70.6.1804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.70.6.1804","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1973-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}