{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:46:48Z","timestamp":1781106408287,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Phylogenetic differences in acetylcholine receptors from skeletal neuromuscular synapses of various species of snakes and lizards have been investigated, using the snake venom alpha-neurotoxins alpha-atratoxin (cobrotoxin) and alpha-bungarotoxin. The acetylcholine receptors of the phylogenetically primitive lizards, like those from all other vertebrates previously tested, are blocked by these alpha-neurotoxins. In contrast, receptors from snakes and advanced lizards are insensitive to one or both of the toxins. It is suggested that toxin-resistant acetylcholine receptors appeared early in the evolution of Squamata and preceded the appearance of alpha-neurotoxins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.8.3245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T03:09:44Z","timestamp":1149044984000},"page":"3245-3249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular synapses: phylogenetic differences detected by snake alpha-neurotoxins."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"S J","family":"Burden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H C","family":"Hartzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Yoshikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1975,8]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.72.8.3245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T11:01:07Z","timestamp":1649847667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.72.8.3245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1975,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.72.8.3245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.72.8.3245","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1975,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1975-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}