{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:37:49Z","timestamp":1792121869136,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The venoms from three spider species, Araneus gemma, Neoscona arabesca, and Argiope aurantia, were shown to inhibit the high-affinity, sodium-independent L-glutamate-binding sites in rat brain synaptic membranes. The same three venoms caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the activity of the glutamate-binding glycoprotein purified from rat brain synaptic membranes. The venom milked from the glands of Araneus gemma was the most active inhibitor of L-glutamate binding, causing 60-80% inhibition of both synaptic membrane and purified protein binding activity at 0.01 unit. The inhibitory activity of this venom was associated with a single protein peak obtained from gel permeation chromatography of the venom. Finally, the effect of the venom from Araneus gemma on the synaptic membrane glutamate-binding sites was slowly reversible. These observations indicate that the spider venoms have a direct effect on the recognition sites for L-glutamic acid in brain synaptic membranes and that these sites are related to the physiologic glutamate receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.17.5571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T05:28:21Z","timestamp":1149053301000},"page":"5571-5574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Spider venoms inhibit L-glutamate binding to brain synaptic membrane receptors."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"E K","family":"Michaelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Galton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S L","family":"Early","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.81.17.5571","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T11:59:59Z","timestamp":1649851199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.81.17.5571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.81.17.5571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.81.17.5571","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1984-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}