{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:28:16Z","timestamp":1790494096742,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Natural and synthetic immunomodulators that increase nonspecific resistance to infection induce interleukin 1 (IL-1) production. Therefore, we investigated the effect of the administration of IL-1 on the survival of lethally infected granulocytopenic mice. Mice with cyclophosphamide-induced granulocytopenia were injected with approximately 10(7) Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the thigh muscle at time 0; gentamicin was administered 6 hr and 23 hr later. When recombinant human IL-1 beta (one of the two forms of IL-1) was given as a single i.p. injection 24 hr before the infection, survival was increased. Using 80 ng of IL-1 beta per mouse, survival compared to control animals was 98% vs. 71% at 24 hr, 98% vs. 60% at 30 hr, 86% vs. 36% at 36 hr, and 61% vs. 11% at 48 hr (P less than 0.001) after the infection. No effect of IL-1 was observed when it was given 0.5 hr before or 6 hr after the infection. Animals not treated with gentamicin also benefited from the IL-1. Administration of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen did not affect the activity of IL-1. Numbers of bacteria cultured from the blood, thigh muscle, liver, spleen, and kidney were similar in IL-1-treated and control animals. Superoxide production by peritoneal macrophages was also similar in the two groups. These studies demonstrate that IL-1 pretreatment protects granulocytopenic mice against lethal pseudomonas infection and suggest that this protection occurs through a noncellular mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.5.1620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T06:51:13Z","timestamp":1149058273000},"page":"1620-1623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["A low dose of recombinant interleukin 1 protects granulocytopenic mice from lethal gram-negative infection."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"J W","family":"van der Meer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Barza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S M","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C A","family":"Dinarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,3]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.85.5.1620","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T12:42:20Z","timestamp":1649853740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.85.5.1620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.85.5.1620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.85.5.1620","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1988-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}