{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:35:19Z","timestamp":1781109319169,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Myelin basic protein (MBP) or helper T cells reactive against MBP induce an autoimmune disease, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, in B10.PL and PL\/J inbred mice. In both strains, virtually the entire repertoire of MBP-specific T cells recognize an N-terminal peptide fragment in the context of the I-Au molecule encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and utilize a very limited set of T-cell receptor genes. To delineate the nature of the trimolecular complex, consisting of the T-cell receptor, MBP-peptide fragment, and MHC molecule (I-Au), we have synthesized 13 variants of the 9-mer N-terminal immunodominant peptide differing at residue 4 and studied their immune recognition in vitro and in vivo. These substitutions have a striking range of effects on T-cell activation, ability to bind to the MHC molecule, and initiation of immune responses in vivo. An understanding of the autoimmune peptide\/MHC\/T-cell receptor interactions allowed us to design variant 9-mer peptides that have high affinity for an MHC molecule and are effective in blocking experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, possibly through two distinct mechanisms, peripheral T-cell tolerance and the inhibition of binding of the encephalitogenic peptide to the MHC molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T21:20:11Z","timestamp":1149196811000},"page":"1337-1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["RETRACTED: Amino acid variations at a single residue in an autoimmune peptide profoundly affect its properties: T-cell activation, major histocompatibility complex binding, and ability to block experimental allergic encephalomyelitis."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"V","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J L","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S J","family":"Horvath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Hood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,15]]},"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.15.6899b","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[1991,8,1]],"date-time":"1991-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":681004800000}}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1337","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T09:26:00Z","timestamp":1721381160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1337","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1990-02-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}