{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:16:57Z","timestamp":1791105417077,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To study the role of thymic medullary epithelium in tolerance induction, the third and fourth branchial clefts of embryos from E mu-Kb transgenic mice, which express the major histocompatibility complex class I antigen H-2Kb exclusively on medullary thymic epithelium, were grafted to athymic nude mice. The grafts differentiated into tissue that morphologically resembled normal thymus. These grafts expressed the H-2Kb antigen appropriately and gave rise to a functional T cell repertoire. In vivo tolerance to H-2Kb disparate skin grafts was invariably found in mice expressing H-2Kb in the medulla or in both medulla and cortex of C57BL\/6 branchial cleft-grafted controls. In marked contrast, in vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated reactivity toward H-2Kb in the presence of interleukin 2, and limiting-dilution analyses showed similar frequencies of cytolytic T cell precursors reactive to H-2Kb and to third-party stimulators. Medullary epithelium can, therefore, induce split tolerance, in which in vivo tolerance is accompanied by strong in vitro responses in the presence of interleukin 2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T08:18:54Z","timestamp":1149063534000},"page":"2526-2530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Tolerance induction by thymic medullary epithelium."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"M W","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2526","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T13:44:57Z","timestamp":1649857497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2526"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2526"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2526","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1992-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}