{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:35:27Z","timestamp":1790937327539,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>B-cell tolerance to soluble protein self antigens such as hen egg lysozyme (HEL) is mediated by clonal anergy. Anergic B cells fail to mount antibody responses even in the presence of carrier-primed T cells, suggesting an inability to activate or respond to T helper cells. To investigate the nature of this defect, B cells from tolerant HEL\/anti-HEL double-transgenic mice were incubated with a membrane preparation from activated T-cell clones expressing the CD40 ligand. These membranes, together with interleukin 4 and 5 deliver the downstream antigen-independent CD40-dependent B-cell-activating signals required for productive T-B collaboration. Anergic B cells responded to this stimulus by proliferating and secreting antibody at levels comparable to or better than control B cells. Furthermore, anergic B cells presented HEL acquired in vivo and could present the unrelated antigen, conalbumin, targeted for processing via surface IgD. In contrast, the low immunoglobulin receptor levels on anergic B cells were associated with reduced de novo presentation of HEL and a failure to upregulate costimulatory ligands for CD28. These defects in immunoglobulin-receptor-mediated functions could be overcome in vivo, suggesting a number of mechanisms for induction of autoantibody responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T08:46:31Z","timestamp":1149065191000},"page":"4392-4396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Anergic self-reactive B cells present self antigen and respond normally to CD40-dependent T-cell signals but are defective in antigen-receptor-mediated functions."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"J M","family":"Eris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Basten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M R","family":"Kehry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P D","family":"Hodgkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,10]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4392","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T13:42:19Z","timestamp":1649857339000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4392","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}