{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:50:12Z","timestamp":1781110212682,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cholinergic transmission in an identified neuro-neuronal synapse of the Aplysia buccal ganglion was depressed by application of a partially purified extract of the funnel-web-spider venom (FTx) or of its synthetic analog (sFTx). This specific blocker of voltage-dependent P-type Ca2+ channels did not interfere with the effect of the N-type Ca2+ channel blocker omega-conotoxin, which could further decrease synaptic transmission after a previous application of FTx. Similar results were obtained when the reversal order of application of these two Ca2+ channel blockers was used. Both P- and N-type Ca2+ currents trigger acetylcholine release in the presynaptic neuron. The neuromodulatory effects of FMRF-amide, histamine, and buccalin on transmitter release disappeared after the blockade of the N-type Ca2+ channels but remained still effective in the presence of FTx. These results indicate that only N-type Ca2+ channels appear to be sensitive to the neuromodulators we have identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.11.4771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T08:47:09Z","timestamp":1149065229000},"page":"4771-4775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["N- and P-type Ca2+ channels are involved in acetylcholine release at a neuroneuronal synapse: only the N-type channel is the target of neuromodulators."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Fossier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Cellulaire et Mol\u00e9culaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Baux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Cellulaire et Mol\u00e9culaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Tauc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Cellulaire et Mol\u00e9culaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,24]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.91.11.4771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T13:46:22Z","timestamp":1649857582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.91.11.4771"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.91.11.4771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.91.11.4771","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-05-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}