{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:20:34Z","timestamp":1791289234658,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The intracellular pathway of human angiogenin in\ncalf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells has been studied by\nimmunofluorescence microscopy. Proliferating CPAE cells specifically endocytose\nnative angiogenin and translocate it to the nucleus, where it accumulates in the\nnucleoli. Nuclear translocation of angiogenin does not occur in\nnonproliferative, confluent CPAE cells. These cells were previously found to\nexpress an angiogenin-binding protein (AngBP) that was identified as smooth\nmuscle alpha-actin. Exogenous actin, an anti-actin antibody, heparin, and\nheparinase treatment all inhibit the internalization of angiogenin, suggesting\nthe involvement of cell surface AngBP\/actin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans in\nthis process. It has been established that two regions of angiogenin are\nessential for its angiogenic activity, one is its endothelial cell binding site\nand the other its catalytic site capable of cleaving RNA. CPAE cells do not\ninternalize four enzymatically active angiogenin derivatives whose cell binding\nsite is modified, but they do internalize two enzymatically inactive mutants\nwhose cell binding site is intact. Thus, the putative cell binding site of\nangiogenin is necessary for both endocytosis and nuclear translocation, but the\ncatalytic site is not. Three other angiogenic molecules are also translocated to\nthe nucleus of growing CPAE cells. Overall, the results suggest that nuclear\ntranslocation of angiogenin and other angiogenic molecules is a critical step in\nthe process of angiogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T09:05:56Z","timestamp":1149066356000},"page":"1677-1681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["Nuclear translocation of angiogenin in proliferatingendothelial cells is essential to its angiogenic activity."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Moroianu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and\rMedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences and\rMedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1677","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T14:04:27Z","timestamp":1649858667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1677"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1677"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1677","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}