{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:33:26Z","timestamp":1790688806829,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The populations of many amphibian species, in\nwidely scattered habitats, appear to be in severe decline; other amphibians show\nno such declines. There is no known single cause for the declines, but their\nwidespread distribution suggests involvement of global agents--increased UV-B\nradiation, for example. We addressed the hypothesis that differential\nsensitivity among species to UV radiation contributes to these population\ndeclines. We focused on species-specific differences in the abilities of eggs to\nrepair UV radiation damage to DNA and differential hatching success of embryos\nexposed to solar radiation at natural oviposition sites. Quantitative\ncomparisons of activities of a key UV-damage-specific repair enzyme, photolyase,\namong oocytes and eggs from 10 amphibian species were reproducibly\ncharacteristic for a given species but varied &gt; 80-fold among the species.\nLevels of photolyase generally correlated with expected exposure of eggs to\nsunlight. Among the frog and toad species studied, the highest activity was\nshown by the Pacific treefrog (Hyla regilla), whose populations are not known to\nbe in decline. The Western toad (Bufo boreas) and the Cascades frog (Rana\ncascadae), whose populations have declined markedly, showed significantly lower\nphotolyase levels. In field experiments, the hatching success of embryos exposed\nto UV radiation was significantly greater in H. regilla than in R. cascadae and\nB. boreas. Moreover, in R. cascadae and B. boreas, hatching success was greater\nin regimes shielded from UV radiation compared with regimes that allowed UV\nradiation. These observations are thus consistent with the UV-sensitivity\nhypothesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T09:05:56Z","timestamp":1149066356000},"page":"1791-1795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":362,"title":["UV repair and resistance to solar UV-B in amphibianeggs: a link to population declines?"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"A R","family":"Blaustein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P D","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D G","family":"Hokit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Kiesecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"Walls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Hays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Oregon State University,\rCorvallis 97331."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T14:04:20Z","timestamp":1649858660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1791"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1791","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}