{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:16:58Z","timestamp":1790857018959,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,7]]},"abstract":"Rod signals in the mammalian retina are thought to reach ganglion cells over the circuit rod-->rod depolarizing bipolar cell-->AII amacrine cell-->cone bipolar cells-->ganglion cells. A possible alternative pathway involves gap junctions linking the rods and cones, the circuit being rod-->cone-->cone bipolar cells-->ganglion cells. It is not clear whether this second pathway indeed relays rod signals to ganglion cells. We studied signal flow in the isolated rabbit retina with a multielectrode array, which allows the activity of many identified ganglion cells to be observed simultaneously while the preparation is stimulated with light and\/or exposed to drugs. When transmission between rods and rod depolarizing bipolar cells was blocked by the glutamate agonist 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB), rod input to all On-center and briskly responding Off-center ganglion cells was dramatically reduced as expected. Off responses persisted, however, in Off-center sluggish and On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells. Presumably these responses were generated by the alternative pathway involving rod-cone junctions. This APB-resistant pathway may carry the major rod input to Off-center sluggish and On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T09:23:10Z","timestamp":1149067390000},"page":"10658-10662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["An alternative pathway for signal flow from rod photoreceptors to ganglion cells in mammalian retina."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"S H","family":"DeVries","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University Medical School, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D A","family":"Baylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University Medical School, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,7]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10658","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T14:05:49Z","timestamp":1649858749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10658","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1995-11-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}