{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:38:46Z","timestamp":1790674726882,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"16","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Anacardic acids, a class of secondary compounds derived from fatty acids, are found in a variety of dicotyledonous families. Pest resistance (e.g., spider mites and aphids) in Pelargonium xhortorum (geranium) is associated with high levels (approximately 81%) of unsaturated 22:1 omega 5 and 24:1 omega 5 anacardic acids in the glandular trichome exudate. A single dominant locus controls the production of these omega 5 anacardic acids, which arise from novel 16:1 delta 11 and 18:1 delta 13 fatty acids. We describe the isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a unique delta 9 14:0-acyl carrier protein fatty acid desaturase. Several lines of evidence indicated that expression of this desaturase leads to the production of the omega 5 anacardic acids involved in pest resistance. First, its expression was found in pest-resistant, but not suspectible, plants and its expression followed the production of the omega 5 anacardic acids in segregating populations. Second, its expression and the occurrence of the novel 16:1 delta 11 and 18:1 delta 13 fatty acids and the omega 5 anacardic acids were specific to tall glandular trichomes. Third, assays of the recombinant protein demonstrated that this desaturase produced the 14:1 delta 9 fatty acid precursor to the novel 16:1 delta 11 and 18:1 delta 13 fatty acids. Based on our genetic and biochemical studies, we conclude that expression of this delta 9 14:0-ACP desaturase gene is required for the production of omega 5 anacardic acids that have been shown to be necessary for pest resistance in geranium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:34:16Z","timestamp":1027679656000},"page":"8771-8775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Expression of a delta 9 14:0-acyl carrier protein fatty acid desaturase gene is necessary for the production of omega 5 anacardic acids found in pest-resistant geranium (Pelargonium xhortorum)."],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"D J","family":"Schultz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E B","family":"Cahoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Shanklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D L","family":"Cox-Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R O","family":"Mumma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J I","family":"Medford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,6]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T14:39:44Z","timestamp":1649860784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8771"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8771","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1996-08-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}