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Channel blockades can\n therefore be used to measure polynucleotide length. With further\n improvements, the method could in principle provide direct, high-speed\n detection of the sequence of bases in single molecules of DNA or RNA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.13770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:34:16Z","timestamp":1027679656000},"page":"13770-13773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3011,"title":["Characterization of individual polynucleotide molecules using a membrane\u2009channel"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"John\u2009J.","family":"Kasianowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Science and\r Technology, 222\/A353, Gaithersburg, MD 20899; Department of\r Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity\r Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138; and Department of Chemistry and\r Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Brandin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Science and\r Technology, 222\/A353, Gaithersburg, MD 20899; Department of\r Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity\r Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138; and Department of Chemistry and\r Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Branton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Science and\r Technology, 222\/A353, Gaithersburg, MD 20899; Department of\r Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity\r Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138; and Department of Chemistry and\r Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David\u2009W.","family":"Deamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Science and\r Technology, 222\/A353, Gaithersburg, MD 20899; Department of\r Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity\r Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138; 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