{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:00:46Z","timestamp":1791327646069,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A hybrid dysgenesis syndrome occurs in\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila virilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    when males from an established laboratory strain are crossed to females obtained from the wild, causing the simultaneous mobilization of several different transposable elements. The insertion sequence responsible for the mutant phenotype of a dysgenic\n                    <jats:italic>yellow<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele has been characterized and named\n                    <jats:italic>Penelope. In situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization and Southern analyses reveal the presence of more than 30 copies of this element in the P-like parental strain, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>Penelope<\/jats:italic>\n                    is absent in all M-like strains tested.\n                    <jats:italic>Penelope<\/jats:italic>\n                    contains one 2.5-kb-long ORF that could encode products with homology to integrase and reverse transcriptase. Northern analysis and whole-mount\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization show strong induction of a 2.6-kb RNA in the ovaries of dysgenic females that is expressed at very low levels in the parental strains or in the progeny from the reciprocal cross. Injection of\n                    <jats:italic>Penelope<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing plasmids into preblastoderm embryos of an M-like strain results in mutant progeny caused by insertion of\n                    <jats:italic>Ulysses<\/jats:italic>\n                    and perhaps other transposons, suggesting that\n                    <jats:italic>Penelope<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression might be responsible for the observed dysgenesis syndrome and the simultaneous mobilization of other transposable elements.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.1.196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:35:50Z","timestamp":1027679750000},"page":"196-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["<i>Penelope<\/i>\n                    , a new family of transposable elements and its possible role in hybrid dysgenesis in\n                    <i>Drosophila\u2009virilis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Michael\u2009B.","family":"Evgen\u2019ev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Zelentsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Shostak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Kozitsina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Barskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk-Henner","family":"Lankenau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor\u2009G.","family":"Corces","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 117984, Russia; and Department of Developmental Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.2.268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/BI9760375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/86.4.813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90462-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90133-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"503","volume-title":"Mobile DNA","author":"Finnegan D J","year":"1989","unstructured":"D J Finnegan Mobile DNA, eds D E Berg, M M Howe (Am. 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