{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:54:11Z","timestamp":1791114851477,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The primary structure of polycystin predicts a large integral membrane protein with multiple cell recognition motifs, but its function remains unknown. Insight into polycystin\u2019s normal function and its role in the development of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD1) requires the assembly of an extensive collection of molecular reagents to examine its expression and create model systems for functional studies. Development of these crucial reagents has been complicated due to the presence of transcriptionally active homologous loci. We have assembled the authentic full-length PKD1 cDNA and demonstrated expression of polycystin\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Polyclonal antibodies directed against distinct extra- and intracellular domains specifically immunoprecipitated\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    translated polycystin. The panel of antibodies was used to determine localization of polycystin in renal epithelial and endothelial cell lines and tissues of fetal, adult, and cystic origins. In normal adult kidney and maturing fetal nephrons, polycystin expression was confined to epithelial cells of the distal nephron and vascular endothelial cells. Expression in the proximal nephron was only observed after injury-induced cell proliferation. Polycystin expression was confined to ductal epithelium in liver, pancreas, and breast, and restricted to astrocytes in normal brain. We report clear evidence for the membrane localization of polycystin by both tissue sections and by confocal microscopy in cultured renal and endothelial cells. Interestingly, when cultured cells made cell\u2013cell contact, polycystin was localized to the lateral membranes of cells in contact. These data suggest that polycystin is likely to have a widespread role in epithelial cell differentiation and maturation and in cell\u2013cell interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:35:50Z","timestamp":1027679750000},"page":"6397-6402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Polycystin:\n                    <i>In vitro<\/i>\n                    synthesis,\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>\n                    tissue expression, and subcellular localization identifies a large membrane-associated\u2009protein"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Oxana","family":"Ibraghimov-Beskrovnaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Dackowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Foggensteiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathia","family":"Thiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda R.","family":"Petry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy C.","family":"Burn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy D.","family":"Connors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terence","family":"Van Raay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz F.","family":"Onuchic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry J.","family":"Watnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Piontek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond M.","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Landes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory G.","family":"Germino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sandford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine W.","family":"Klinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genzyme Genetics, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322; Departments of Medicine and Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nephrology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Street, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/317542a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91256-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307293290508"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80183-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-100-5-683"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"881","volume":"7","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cell 7, 881\u2013894 (1994).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/4.4.575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0695-151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90339-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(11)80001-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1293-359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5266.1339"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.4.1524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"184","volume":"108","author":"Griffin M D","year":"1996","unstructured":"M D Griffin, V E Torres, J P Grande, R Kumar Proc Assoc Am Phys 108, 184\u2013197 (1996).","journal-title":"Proc Assoc Am Phys"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"221","volume":"75","author":"Peters D J M","year":"1996","unstructured":"D J M Peters, L Spruit, R Klingel, F Prins, H J J Baelde, P C Giordano, L F Bernini, E de Heer, M H Breuning, J A Bruijn Lab Invest 75, 221\u2013230 (1996).","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)81686-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Gimbrone M A","year":"1976","unstructured":"M A Gimbrone Haemostasis Thromb 3, 1\u201328 (1976).","journal-title":"Haemostasis Thromb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54860-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.110.4.1227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192625786.003.0006","volume-title":"Polycystic Kidney Disease","author":"Wilson P","year":"1996","unstructured":"P Wilson Polycystic Kidney Disease, eds M L Watson, V E Torres (Oxford Univ. Press, New York), pp. 125\u2013163 (1996)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0792-235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81793-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192625786.003.0005","volume-title":"Polycystic Kidney Disease.","author":"Carone F A","year":"1996","unstructured":"F A Carone, R Bacallao, Y S Kanwar Polycystic Kidney Disease., eds M L Watson, T E Torres (Oxford Univ. Press, New York), pp. 111\u2013124 (1996)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192625786.003.0002","volume-title":"Polycystic Kidney Disease","author":"Mangoo R","year":"1996","unstructured":"R Mangoo, L P Sullivan, M Ye, J J Granthan Polycystic Kidney Disease, eds M L Watson, V E Torres (Oxford Univ. Press, New York), pp. 39\u201362 (1996)."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6397","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T23:52:34Z","timestamp":1704325954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6397"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6397"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6397","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1997-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-04-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}