{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:39:09Z","timestamp":1791121149701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A fraction of human T lymphocytes, predominantly CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , express receptors for HLA class I molecules typical of natural killer cells (natural killer receptors or NKRs) that inhibit T cell receptor-mediated functions. Herein, we analyzed possible mechanism(s) leading to the expression of NKRs by T cells responding to superantigens or allogeneic cells\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We show that, in the presence of interleukin 15 (IL-15), T cells (depleted of NKR\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells) responding to toxic shock syndrome toxin 1\n                    <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                    express CD94, a molecule that is part of a heterodimeric NKR with a broad specificity for different HLA class I alleles. Maximal CD94 expression occurred when IL-15 was added shortly after the cells were placed into culture, and CD94 expression started 4\u20136 days after addition of IL-15. Although both CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells expressed CD94, the simultaneous expression of NKG2A (i.e., the other component of the CD94\/NKG2A inhibitory NKR) was confined to CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells. Similar data were obtained in T cell populations activated in mixed lymphocyte cultures in the presence of IL-15. The expression of CD94\/NKG2A led to an impairment of allo-specific cytolytic activity by mixed lymphocyte culture-derived T cell populations or clones. Remarkably, cytolysis could be restored by the addition of anti-CD94 mAb, i.e., by masking the inhibitory NKRs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:32:33Z","timestamp":1027679553000},"page":"1172-1177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["HLA class I-specific inhibitory receptors in human T lymphocytes: Interleukin 15-induced expression of CD94\/NKG2A in superantigen- or alloantigen-activated CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    \u2009T\u2009cells"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Mingari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ponte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Bertone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Schiavetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Bellomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Moretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Centro delle Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Universit\u00e0 di Brescia; Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova; and Istituto di Patologia Generale, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.619"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.003145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.2.597"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.6.1589"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90025-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716543"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.8.3238","volume":"44","author":"Aramburu J","year":"1990","unstructured":"J Aramburu, M A Balboa, A Ramirez, A Silva, A Acevedo, F Sanchez-Madrid, M O de Land\u00e0zuri, M L\u00f3pez-Botet J Immunol 44, 3238\u20133247 (1990).","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.2.545"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830261032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4741","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.11.4741","volume":"157","author":"Lazetic S","year":"1996","unstructured":"S Lazetic, C Chang, J P Houchins, L L Lanier, J H Phillips J Immunol 157, 4741\u20134745 (1996).","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270230"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830241005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/7.4.697"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716542"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.22.12433"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.789"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80426-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.174.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/8.2.203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.158.2.571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8178155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80246-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1993.1005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00873.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"Cantoni C. Biassoni R. Pende D. Sivori S. Accame L. Pareti L. Semenzato G. Moretta L. Moretta A. & Bottino C. (1998) Eur. J. Immunol. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/9.4.485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.15.8088"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T08:11:19Z","timestamp":1682151079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,3]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1172","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1997-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-11-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-02-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}