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Regional cerebral blood flow was measured during hearing, imagining, and hallucinating in eight healthy, highly hypnotizable male subjects prescreened for their ability to hallucinate under hypnosis (hallucinators). Control subjects were six highly hypnotizable male volunteers who lacked the ability to hallucinate under hypnosis (nonhallucinators). A region in the right anterior cingulate (Brodmann area 32) was activated in the group of hallucinators when they heard an auditory stimulus and when they hallucinated hearing it but not when they merely imagined hearing it. The same experimental conditions did not yield this activation in the group of nonhallucinators. Inappropriate activation of the right anterior cingulate may lead self-generated thoughts to be experienced as external, producing spontaneous auditory hallucinations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:35:50Z","timestamp":1027679750000},"page":"1956-1960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Where the imaginal appears real: A positron emission tomography study of auditory\u2009hallucinations"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Henry","family":"Szechtman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; and Department of Nuclear Medicine, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Woody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; and Department of Nuclear Medicine, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; and Department of Nuclear Medicine, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Nahmias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; and Department of Nuclear Medicine, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.107.1.82"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.114.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/4.4.636"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/KNE8-QT3L-RDB0-6KWK"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.153.4.437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility","author":"Shor R E","year":"1962","unstructured":"R E Shor, E C Orne Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility (Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, 1962)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207149308414536"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(75)80005-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","volume-title":"Hypnotic Susceptibility","author":"Hilgard E R","year":"1965","unstructured":"E R Hilgard Hypnotic Susceptibility (Harcourt, Brace & World, New York, 1965)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"340","volume-title":"Imagery: Current Theory, Research, and Application","author":"Wilson S C","year":"1983","unstructured":"S C Wilson, T X Barber Imagery: Current Theory, Research, and Application, ed A A Sheikh (Wiley, New York), pp. 340\u2013387 (1983)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1991.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1989.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199107000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain","author":"Talairach J","year":"1988","unstructured":"J Talairach, P Tournoux Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain (Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 1988)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"865","volume":"18","author":"Szechtman H","year":"1992","unstructured":"H Szechtman, J M Cleghorn, S List, C Whelton, R Kaplan, S Ballagh, S Franco, B Szechtman, K Bowers, E Woody, G Firnau, C Nahmias, E S Garnett Soc Neurosci Abstr 18, 865, (abstr.). 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