{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:54:46Z","timestamp":1790862886647,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Genetically defined\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    models are needed to assess the importance of target cell attachment in bacterial pathogenesis. Gastric colonization by\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    in human populations is common and persistent, and has various outcomes including peptic ulcers and cancer. The impact of attachment on the course of infection was examined in transgenic mice expressing a human receptor for\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    in their gastric epithelium. Persistent infection by a clinical isolate occurred at comparable microbial densities in transgenic and nontransgenic littermates. However, microbial attachment in transgenic mice resulted in production of autoantibodies to Lewis\n                    <jats:sup>x<\/jats:sup>\n                    carbohydrate epitopes shared by bacteria and acid-secreting parietal cells, chronic gastritis, and parietal cell loss. This model should help identify bacterial and host genes that produce attachment-related pathology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:31:44Z","timestamp":1027679504000},"page":"3925-3930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Epithelial attachment alters the outcome of\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    infection"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Janaki L.","family":"Guruge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Pathology and Medicine, and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8103, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School 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