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Delivery of the soluble TNF\u03b1 receptor was less effective, having only a moderate effect on white blood cell infiltration and no effect on cartilage breakdown. When both soluble receptors were used together, there was a greater inhibition of white blood cell infiltration and cartilage breakdown with a considerable reduction of synovitis. Interestingly, anti-arthritic effects were also seen in contralateral control knees receiving only a marker gene, suggesting that sustained local inhibition of disease activity in one joint may confer an anti-arthritic effect on other joints. These results suggest that local intra-articular gene transfer could be used to treat systemic polyarticular arthritides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.8.4613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:40:11Z","timestamp":1027680011000},"page":"4613-4618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":234,"title":["Direct adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 soluble receptors to rabbit knees with experimental arthritis has local and distal anti-arthritic effects"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Ghivizzani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15261; and Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Louisiana State Medical School, New Orleans, LA 70112"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Lechman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA 15261; 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