{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:37:26Z","timestamp":1781109446895,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The chemokine receptor CCR5 is the major coreceptor for infection by macrophage-tropic R5 HIV-1. A 32-bp deletion in the gene coding for CCR5 (CCR5\u039432) occurs with a frequency of 10% in the Caucasian population and results in a receptor protein that is truncated and not expressed at the cell surface. CCR5\u039432 homozygous individuals are apparently normal but resistant to infection with R5 HIV-1. In two individuals homozygous for CCR5\u039432, who had been repeatedly exposed to CCR5-expressing blood cells through sexual activity, we have identified antibodies to CCR5 that bound specifically to the surface of CCR5-expressing cell lines. Serum from these individuals, in contrast to serum from CCR5\n                    <jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup>\n                    individuals, competed with radiolabeled RANTES for binding to the CCR5 receptor and inhibited infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with R5, but not X4, primary isolates of HIV-1. The identified human antibodies to CCR5 define an alloantigen that may cause allograft rejection in a mismatch situation even in individuals with no history of blood transfusions or i.v. drug abuse.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.9.5241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:42:40Z","timestamp":1027680160000},"page":"5241-5245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The CCR5 receptor acts as an alloantigen in CCR5\u039432 homozygous individuals: Identification of chemokineand HIV-1-blocking human antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Henrik J.","family":"Ditzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette M.","family":"Rosenkilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Garred","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Koefoed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Court","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis R.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thue W.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Medical Biology and Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.9.1681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80110-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5283.1856"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/382722a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09185-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1145213"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7689250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/165188b0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199703110-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)53041-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.15.9617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5332.1656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5310.276"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7973652"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0496-412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.8.1373"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5294.1924"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.11.6854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.10.2599"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60674-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119734"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5243.1811"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5270.1955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5328.959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","unstructured":"Garred P. Madsen H. O. Petersen J. Hansen T. M. S\u00f8rensen S. F. Volck B. Svejgaard A. & Andersen V. (1998) J. 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