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In immunofluorescence, antibodies to this transmembrane protein revealed reactivity in the glomerular basement membrane region, whereas the podocyte cell bodies remained negative. In immunogold-stained thin sections, nephrin label was found at the slit between podocyte foot processes. The congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (NPHS1), a disease in which the nephrin gene is mutated, is characterized by massive proteinuria already\n                    <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>\n                    and lack of slit diaphragm and foot processes. These features, together with the now demonstrated localization of nephrin to the slit diaphragm area, suggests an essential role for this protein in the normal glomerular filtration barrier. A zipper-like model for nephrin assembly in the slit diaphragm is discussed, based on the present and previous data.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.7962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:41:48Z","timestamp":1027680108000},"page":"7962-7967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":596,"title":["Nephrin is specifically located at the slit diaphragm of glomerular podocytes"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Vesa","family":"Ruotsalainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biocenter and Department of Biochemistry, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland and 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