{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:15:28Z","timestamp":1789179328864,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Adducins are a family of cytoskeleton proteins encoded by three genes (\u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b3). In a comprehensive assay of gene expression, we show the ubiquitous expression of \u03b1- and \u03b3-adducins in contrast to the restricted expression of \u03b2-adducin. \u03b2-adducin is expressed at high levels in brain and hematopoietic tissues (bone marrow in humans, spleen in mice). To elucidate adducin\u2019s role\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we created \u03b2-adducin null mice by gene targeting, deleting exons 9\u201313. A 55-kDa chimeric polypeptide is produced from the first eight exons of \u03b2-adducin and part of the neo cassette in spleen but is not detected in peripheral RBCs or brain. \u03b2-adducin null RBCs are osmotically fragile, spherocytic, and dehydrated compared with the wild type, resembling RBCs from patients with hereditary spherocytosis. The lack of \u03b2-adducin in RBCs leads to decreased membrane incorporation of \u03b1-adducin (30% of normal) and unexpectedly promotes a 5-fold increase in \u03b3-adducin incorporation into the RBC membrane skeleton. This study demonstrates adducin\u2019s importance to RBC membrane stability\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:38:21Z","timestamp":1027679901000},"page":"10717-10722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Targeted disruption of the \u03b2 adducin gene (\n                    <i>Add<\/i>\n                    <i>2<\/i>\n                    ) causes red blood cell spherocytosis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Diana M.","family":"Gilligan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Lozovatsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babette","family":"Gwynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Brugnara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narla","family":"Mohandas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luanne L.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36360-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36096-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/328359a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.105.6.2837"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.14.7986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.10.5542"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.145.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.41.25157"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.43.25534"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1997.4802"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(95)80113-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90011-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","volume-title":"Teratocarcinomas and Embryonic Stem Cells: A Practical Approach.","author":"Robertson E J","year":"1987","unstructured":"E J Robertson Teratocarcinomas and Embryonic Stem Cells: A Practical Approach. (IRL, Oxford, 1987)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V61.5.899.899"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1995.268.4.C894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.62.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14483.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.115.3.665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V80.8.2122.2122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.32.18990"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"Hematopoiesis","author":"Peters L L","year":"1999","unstructured":"L L Peters, J E Barker Hematopoiesis, ed L I Zon (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, , in press. (1999)."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T15:27:50Z","timestamp":1649863670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,14]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10717","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-05-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-07-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-09-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}