{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:52:02Z","timestamp":1793317922762,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Infection with\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    is associated with different human gastric diseases. Biochemical studies,\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    adherence assays, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    animal models revealed that epithelial attachment of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be mediated by the blood-group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA) targeting human Lewis\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    surface epitopes. Studies with transgenic mice expressing the Lewis\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    epitope have shown that such attachment can alter disease outcome. In the current study, the presence of the\n                    <jats:italic>babA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene encoding the adhesin was investigated in clinical isolates from a German population by using PCR and reverse transcription\u2013PCR. A positive genotype was correlated to allelic variations in the genes encoding VacA and CagA and also to the prevalence of duodenal ulcer, distal gastric adenocarcinoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and antral gastritis. The presence of\n                    <jats:italic>babA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    was significantly associated with duodenal ulcer (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0002) and adenocarcinoma (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.033). In contrast, type 1 strains (\n                    <jats:italic>vacAs1-<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive) were associated with only duodenal ulcer (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.004) but not adenocarcinoma (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.235). Genotype presence of\n                    <jats:italic>babA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>vacAs1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\u201ctriple-positive\u201d strains) showed a highly significant correlation to the prevalence of ulcer (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.000002) and adenocarcinoma (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.014) and discriminated significantly better between disease outcome than did the current type 1 classification. These results indicate that the\n                    <jats:italic>babA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene is of high clinical relevance and would be a useful marker to identify patients who are at higher risk for specific\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori-<\/jats:italic>\n                    related diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.22.12778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:40:52Z","timestamp":1027680052000},"page":"12778-12783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":482,"title":["Clinical relevance of the\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    gene for blood-group antigen-binding adhesin"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Markus","family":"Gerhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Lehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Neumayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bor\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Rad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Schepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Miehlke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meinhard","family":"Classen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Prinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University, SE-90185 Ume\u00e5, Sweden; Department of Medicine II, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, 81925 Munich, Germany; and Department of Medicine, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, 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