{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:04:36Z","timestamp":1791227076415,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"26","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    There is growing concern that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may have passed from cattle to humans. We report here that transgenic (Tg) mice expressing bovine (Bo) prion protein (PrP) serially propagate BSE prions and that there is no species barrier for transmission from cattle to Tg(BoPrP) mice. These same mice were also highly susceptible to a new variant of Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease (nvCJD) and natural sheep scrapie. The incubation times (\u2248250 days), neuropathology, and disease-causing PrP isoforms in Tg(BoPrP)Prnp\n                    <jats:sup>0\/0<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice inoculated with nvCJD and BSE brain extracts were indistinguishable and differed dramatically from those seen in these mice injected with natural scrapie prions. Our findings provide the most compelling evidence to date that prions from cattle with BSE have infected humans and caused fatal neurodegeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:41:48Z","timestamp":1027680108000},"page":"15137-15142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":420,"title":["Compelling transgenetic evidence for transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions to humans"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Departments of Neurology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143; and National CJD Surveillance Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United 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