{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:05:21Z","timestamp":1790701521809,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The exocyst is an essential multiprotein complex mediating polarized secretion in yeast. Here we describe a gene,\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , that can multicopy-suppress exocyst mutants\n                    <jats:italic>sec3\u20132<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>sec8\u20139<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>sec10\u20132<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>sec15\u20131<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    is highly conserved among eukaryotic species. Its human homologue,\n                    <jats:italic>DSS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , has been suggested as a candidate gene for the split hand\/split foot malformation disorder.\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    is not an essential gene. However, its deletion rescued growth of the temperature-sensitive exocyst mutants\n                    <jats:italic>sec3\u20132<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>sec8\u20139<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>sec10\u20131,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>sec15\u20131<\/jats:italic>\n                    at the restrictive temperature. Cell fractionation showed that Sem1p is mainly cytosolic but also associates with the microsomal fraction. In linear sucrose gradients, Sem1p cosedimented with the exocyst component Sec8p. In diploid cells that normally do not form pseudohyphae (S288C background), deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    triggered pseudohyphal growth. This phenotype was abolished after reintroduction of either\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    or the mouse homologue\n                    <jats:italic>Dss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    into the cells. In diploids that have normal capacity for pseudohyphal growth (\u03a31278b background), deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhanced filamentous growth. The functionality of both\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Dss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    in a differentiation process in yeast suggests that\n                    <jats:italic>Dss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    indeed could be the gene affected in the split hand\/split foot malformation disorder. These results characterize\n                    <jats:italic>SEM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a regulator of both exocyst function and pseudohyphal differentiation and suggest a unique link between these two cellular functions in yeast.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.3.909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:39:15Z","timestamp":1027679955000},"page":"909-914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["<i>SEM1<\/i>\n                    , a homologue of the split hand\/split foot malformation candidate gene\n                    <i>Dss1<\/i>\n                    , regulates exocytosis and pseudohyphal differentiation in yeast"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Jussi","family":"J\u00e4ntti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Biologinkuja 1, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; and Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Lahdenranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Biologinkuja 1, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; and Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesa M.","family":"Olkkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Biologinkuja 1, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; and Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"S\u00f6derlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Biologinkuja 1, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; and Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirkka","family":"Ker\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Biologinkuja 1, FIN-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; and Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90482-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90554-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/362318a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5259.227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.66030889.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61608-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.118.5.1041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01039.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.130.2.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/144.2.495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.8.4.647"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80948-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80251-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14438"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(96)80035-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90079-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.14.4412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(87)90049-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/144.3.967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.320101310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.107.12.3623"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.14.7331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90587-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","volume-title":"Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Harlow E","year":"1988","unstructured":"E Harlow, D Lane Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual (Cold Spring Harbor Lab. 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