{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:05:39Z","timestamp":1791939939243,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Genomic imprinting plays a fundamental role in cancer and some hereditary diseases, including Beckwith\u2013Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a disorder of prenatal overgrowth and predisposition to embryonal malignancies such as Wilms tumor. We have previously shown that the K\n                    <jats:sub>V<\/jats:sub>\n                    LQT1 gene on chromosomal band 11p15 is imprinted, with expression of the maternal allele, and that the maternal allele is disrupted in rare BWS patients with balanced germ-line chromosomal rearrangements. We now show that an antisense orientation transcript within K\n                    <jats:sub>V<\/jats:sub>\n                    LQT1, termed LIT1 (long QT intronic transcript 1) is expressed normally from the paternal allele, from which K\n                    <jats:sub>V<\/jats:sub>\n                    LQT1 transcription is silent, and that in the majority of patients with BWS, LIT1 is abnormally expressed from both the paternal and maternal alleles. Eight of sixteen informative BWS patients (50%) showed biallelic expression, i.e., loss of imprinting (LOI) of LIT1. Similarly, 21 of 36 (58%) BWS patients showed loss of maternal allele-specific methylation of a CpG island upstream of LIT1. Surprisingly, LOI of LIT1 was not linked to LOI of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2), which was found in 2 of 10 (20%) BWS patients, even though LOI of IGF2 occurs frequently in Wilms and other tumors, and in some patients with BWS. Thus, LOI of LIT1 is the most common genetic alteration in BWS. We propose that 11p15 harbors two imprinted gene domains\u2014a more centromeric domain including K\n                    <jats:sub>V<\/jats:sub>\n                    LQT1 and p57\n                    <jats:sup>KIP2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , alterations in which are more common in BWS, and a more telomeric domain including IGF2, alterations in which are more common in cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.9.5203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:43:20Z","timestamp":1027680200000},"page":"5203-5208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":284,"title":["Loss of imprinting of a paternally expressed transcript, with antisense orientation to K\n                    <sub>V<\/sub>\n                    LQT1, occurs frequently in Beckwith\u2013Wiedemann syndrome and is independent of insulin-like growth factor II imprinting"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Maxwell P.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"DeBaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohzoh","family":"Mitsuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi L.","family":"Galonek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheri","family":"Brandenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuo","family":"Oshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Feinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Oncology, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Tottori University and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 683 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","first-page":"95","volume-title":"The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer","author":"Feinberg A P","year":"1998","unstructured":"A P Feinberg The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer, eds B Vogelstein, K W Kinzler (McGraw\u2013Hill, New York), pp. 95\u2013107 (1998)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"720","volume":"44","author":"Ping A J","year":"1989","unstructured":"A J Ping, A E Reeve, D J Law, M R Young, M Boehnke, A P Feinberg Am J Hum Genet 44, 720\u2013723 (1989).","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"711","volume":"44","author":"Koufos A","year":"1989","unstructured":"A Koufos, P Grundy, K Morgan, K A Aleck, T Hadro, B C Lampkin, A Kalbakji, W K Cavenee Am J Hum Genet 44, 711\u2013719 (1989).","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.26.12456"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000472337"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/351665a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0297-181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1093-143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0794-433"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/6.9.1543"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1096-171"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514858"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.3026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"1052","volume":"58","author":"Lee M P","year":"1998","unstructured":"M P Lee, A P Feinberg Cancer Res 58, 1052\u20131056 (1998).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"4155","volume":"58","author":"Lee M P","year":"1998","unstructured":"M P Lee, C Reeves, A Schmitt, K Su, T D Connors, R-J Hu, S Brandenburg, M J Lee, G Miller, A P Feinberg Cancer Res 58, 4155\u20134159 (1998).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/362747a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/6.12.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/7.4.597"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1998.5221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90381-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.7.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Mitsuya K. 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